| 1. |
- Fredman, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Sweden: Where Holidays Come Naturally
- 2006
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In: Ecotourism in Scandinavia. Lessons in Theory and Practice. - 1845931343 ; , s. 23-37
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Folke, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Ecotourist Choices of Transport Modes
- 2006
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In: Ecotourism in Scandinavia, Lessons in Theory and Practice. - 9781845931346 ; , s. 154-165
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 4. |
- Gössling, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Ecotourism as experience-tourism
- 2006
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In: Ecotourism in Scandinavia. Lessons in Theory and Practice. ; , s. 89-97
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Gössling, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Tourism Certification in Scandinavia
- 2006
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In: Ecotourism in Scandinavia. Lessons in Theory and Practice. - UK : CABI. - 9781845931346 ; , s. 63-75
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 7. |
- Hultman, Johan, et al.
(author)
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The Role of Nature in Swedish Ecotourism
- 2006
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In: Ecotourism in Scandinavia. Lessons in Theory and Practice. - 1845931343 ; , s. 76-88
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Our purpose in this paper is to discuss Swedish nature in a specific context, namely that of ecotourism. The wider framework is the concept of cultural economy in relation to nature. Nature is culturally constructed – given meaning – by the actual doings of e.g. ecotourism operators, and this meaning is transformed into cash flows through tourist practices. It is this cultural construction of nature by ecotouristic practices we will focus upon here. The paper is structured through a set of changes having occurred in Swedish ecotouristic practices during the last few years. We will tentatively define these changes as shifts in focus from nature as thing to nature as experience, from nature as place to nature as universalised locality, and finally changes in the different actorships manifested by ecotourist operators and ecotourists. The material we use is the organisation Nature’s Best, a certifier of quality for Swedish ecotourism businesses. We view this organisation as a mediator/constructor of nature, partly in the way it represents the businesses they certify and partly in the way it represents nature. We also use a number of the actual ecotourism businesses Nature’s Best certify as a source of the cultural construction of nature. We will loosely sketch a development from “traditional” ecotouristic practices and rhetoric to what we perceive as the new cultural economy of nature, but the greater part of the text will be dealing with the new practices displayed by Nature’s Best and to some extent similar ecotourist operators.
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| 8. |
- Andersson Cederholm, Erika, et al.
(author)
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Tourists and Global Environmental Change: A Possible Scenario in Relation to Nature and Authenticity
- 2006
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In: Tourism and Global Environmental Change. - 041536132X ; , s. 293-304
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to discuss global environmental change (GEC) through the social construction of nature and notions of authenticity. We will discuss the social construction of nature in a specific context, namely that of different kinds of nature-based tourism. The argument will revolve around what we perceive as a shift in focus from the image of nature as thing to nature as experience, also expressed as a shift from nature as place to nature as globalised locality. We will sketch a development from “traditional” nature tourism practices and rhetoric to the formation of another cultural economy of nature in order to discuss possible effects of GEC on tourist phenomenologies. By structuring our analysis around three aspects of authenticity, we will argue that different nature tourism operators stress the non-essentialist, experiential image of nature, where the destination per se seems to have a secondary role. We further suggest that the non-essentialist and therefore fluid concept of authenticity in tourist experiences might be adaptable to perceptions of change on a global scale. We aim to interpret GEC, although encompassing potentially devastating processes in a great number of ways, as also being able to be incorporated in common discourses of tourist experiences.
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| 9. |
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Ecotourism in Scandinavia. Lessons in Theory and Practice
- 2006
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In recent years, public, scientific and governmental interest in ecotourism in Scandinavia has grown substantially. This book is the first to comprehensively describe, analyse and evaluate aspects of Scandinavian ecotourism. It will appeal to researchers and students of tourism in general and ecotourism in particular.
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| 10. |
- Gössling, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Swedish air travellers and voluntary carbon offsets : towards the Co-creation of Environmental Value?
- 2009
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In: Current Issues in Tourism. - : Routledge. - 1368-3500 .- 1747-7603. ; 12:1, s. 1-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is now a broad consensus that aviation is a significant contributor to global warming. One question that thus arises is whether voluntary carbon-offsetting schemes can make a significant contribution to mitigating the contribution of aviation to climate change. These schemes have seen considerable growth in recent years, even though the overall amount of emissions offset remains negligible: tour operators and airlines offering voluntary carbon offsets report that customers show limited interested in these schemes. In the light of this, the article seeks to discuss the implications of voluntary carbon-offsetting schemes as a means of compensating emissions from aviation, and goes on to assess air travellers' knowledge of and attitudes to these schemes. Structural problems that have to be overcome to create broader interest in voluntary carbon offsetting are discussed in the context of co-creation of environmental value at the level of economic transactions between individual passengers (consumers) and airlines (producers), based on a survey of Swedish air travellers.
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